What do we mean by evaluating sources?
As our university moves forward with implementing information literacy as one of the graduation requirements, the librarians have decided it would be useful to collect sample assignments that could be used for assessing students information literacy skills. Specifically, assignments that address one or both information literacy student learning outcomes, which are to 1, Use a discipline-specific research tool, mechanism, or strategy to address an information need;
2, apply discipline-specific evaluation criteria to an information source.
I can find/think of/create many of examples for the first outcome:
However, I struggle with the second one. It's not that I can't think of any examples - it's almost that there are too many. Because these student learning outcomes were developed with faculty to be used in a variety of courses in the discipline, open-to-interpretation was a benefit. But now, when the rubber meets the road, I wonder, what do we mean by evaluation criteria? What do we mean by an information source?
On the basic level, to evaluate means to ask questions about the source of information, to determine it's credibility or appropriateness:
Who wrote this information?
Who published the information?
How recent is the information?
What is the context of the information? (Is it part of a larger resource? Part of a larger discussion?)
What is the purpose of the source?
But on another level, it could be to evaluate the content of the information:
What argument is the author making?
What evidence do they use? Do they cite or quote other sources? What are those sources?
What is the tone/audience/purpose?
Are they using logical fallacies?
How would you use this information?
I think at both levels these could take the form of:
I can find/think of/create many of examples for the first outcome:
- Research Log
- Search strategy worksheet
- Tutorial of a research tool with quiz
- Complete a given task using a tool, mechanism or strategy
- Complete a task with a given information need
- Research reflection paper
- Create directions or guide for navigating a research tool
- Use screen capture software to demonstrate navigation
- Evaluation of the effectiveness of the tool/mechanism/strategy
However, I struggle with the second one. It's not that I can't think of any examples - it's almost that there are too many. Because these student learning outcomes were developed with faculty to be used in a variety of courses in the discipline, open-to-interpretation was a benefit. But now, when the rubber meets the road, I wonder, what do we mean by evaluation criteria? What do we mean by an information source?
On the basic level, to evaluate means to ask questions about the source of information, to determine it's credibility or appropriateness:
Who wrote this information?
Who published the information?
How recent is the information?
What is the context of the information? (Is it part of a larger resource? Part of a larger discussion?)
What is the purpose of the source?
But on another level, it could be to evaluate the content of the information:
What argument is the author making?
What evidence do they use? Do they cite or quote other sources? What are those sources?
What is the tone/audience/purpose?
Are they using logical fallacies?
How would you use this information?
I think at both levels these could take the form of:
- Rhetorical analysis
- Critique of a written, visual or audio piece of work
- Short answer quiz on a reading/viewing/listening using given the evaluation criteria
- Annotated bibliography
- Critique of methodology or data
- Justification for including or using a source
- Scenario-based test evaluating information in different contexts
- Description of how information may be hypothetically used
- Identifying inappropriate and appropriate sources from a set of criteria
- Ranking information sources by different criteria
What I would really love to find on the internet is a near-exhaustive list of questions for evaluating information. Instead, I'm just cobbling things together.
Related readings/websites for thinking about evaluation:
Related readings/websites for thinking about evaluation:
http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/12/05/503581220/fake-or-real-how-to-self-check-the-news-and-get-the-facts
http://letterstoayounglibrarian.blogspot.com/2016/12/information-literacy-as-liberation.html
http://digitalliteracy.cornell.edu/tutorial/dpl3221.html
http://guides.lib.berkeley.edu/evaluating-resources
http://digitalliteracy.cornell.edu/tutorial/dpl3221.html
http://guides.lib.berkeley.edu/evaluating-resources
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